The Workshop was held April 9-10, 2008 in New Orleans, Louisiana. (SFI External Professor) Dr. Avidan Neumann (Bar-Ilan University) discussed the role of mathematical modeling of viral dynamics in the development of new antiviral compounds. Dr. Neumann demonstrated the role of models in understanding Hepatitis C Viral infection and replication, providing insight into the mechanisms of action of (current medications) PegINF and RBV and the time course of response to therapy, and evaluating antiviral dynamics and resistance evolution with investigational HCV compounds. These mathematical models will undoubtedly be useful tools for understanding the mechanisms of action of therapies, resistance evolution patterns, determining optimal treatment durations, and for early prediction of response to therapy.